{"id":31347,"date":"2021-07-13T09:18:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-13T06:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/?p=31347"},"modified":"2021-10-18T16:55:39","modified_gmt":"2021-10-18T13:55:39","slug":"yeni-baslayanlar-icin-ssl-sertifikasi-nedir-sitenizi-nasil-korur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/yeni-baslayanlar-icin-ssl-sertifikasi-nedir-sitenizi-nasil-korur\/","title":{"rendered":"Yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in: SSL sertifikas\u0131 nedir, sitenizi nas\u0131l korur?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0130nternet ortam\u0131nda en s\u0131k duyulan terimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda SSL gelir. S\u00f6z konusu k\u0131saltman\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u201cSecure Socket Layer\u201ddir. Terimin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda ise \u201cg\u00fcvenli giri\u015f katman\u0131\u201d olarak bu terimi \u00e7evirebiliriz. SSL, internet ortam\u0131nda ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvenlik ve gizlili\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir. \u015eebeke \u00fczerinden bilginin transfer edildi\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7te bilginin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmamas\u0131 ve gizli kalmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu kapsamda SSL\u2019yi bir \u201cg\u00fcvenlik protokol\u00fc\u201d olarak da tan\u0131mlayabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SSL protokol\u00fc t\u00fcm server ve browserlar taraf\u0131ndan da desteklenir. Bu anlamda SSL\u2019yi standart bir algoritma olarak da de\u011ferlendirebiliriz. \u0130nternet ortam\u0131nda bulunan milyonlarca web sitesi bu protokol\u00fc uygulayarak veri g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flar. SSL protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir anahtar ve sertifikaya ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ssl-in-tarih-esi-ve-geli-imi\"><span id=\"sslin-tarihcesi-ve-gelisimi\">SSL\u2019in Tarih\u00e7esi ve Geli\u015fimi<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nternet ortam\u0131nda ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelere paralel olarak SSL\u2019de de \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu sertifikan\u0131n tarihsel geli\u015fimini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SSL 1.0 Netscape firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ilk olarak 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/li><li>SSL V2 yine ayn\u0131 firma taraf\u0131ndan e-ticaret platformlar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek maksad\u0131yla 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Microsoft taraf\u0131ndan PTC 1.0 geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li>1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan g\u00fcvenlik sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik olarak yine 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda SSL V3 internet d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yerini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Microsoft taraf\u0131ndan 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda TLS 1.0 piyasaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve SSL V3 ile birlikte kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>TLS 1.1 versiyonu 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda piyasaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda EV SSL sertifikas\u0131 olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li>TLS 1.2 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda TLS\u2019nin yeni versiyonu olarak sanal d\u00fcnyada yerini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda HSTS standard\u0131 olu\u015fturularak piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/li><li>2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda TLS 1.3 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ekibi olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li>2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fccretsiz SSL d\u00f6nemine ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Google; t\u00fcm sunucular\u0131nda HSTS kullanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kamuoyu ile payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde Firefox taraf\u0131ndan internette bulunan sitelerin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n HTTPS kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 duyurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li>2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda TLS 1.3 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ssl-sertifikas-ne-i-e-yarar\"><span id=\"ssl-sertifikasi-ne-ise-yarar\">SSL Sertifikas\u0131 Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SSL, ki\u015fisel ve web sitesi g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flayan bir protokold\u00fcr. \u0130nternet ortam\u0131ndaki hemen her taray\u0131c\u0131 ve web sitesi, siteye eri\u015fim i\u00e7in bu protokolden istifade eder. SSL kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile sunucular ve sunucu i\u015flemcileri aras\u0131nda gerekli \u015fifreleme yap\u0131larak g\u00fcvenli ileti\u015fim altyap\u0131s\u0131 kurulur. Bu sayede mail ya da veri trafi\u011finizin izlenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. SSL protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zelliklerini \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ba\u011flant\u0131 gizli \u015fekilde kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li><li>Gelen verilerin kodlama ve \u015fifre \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131nda gerekli g\u00fcvenlik ve gizlili\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na etki eder.<\/li><li>\u0130leti\u015fim halinde olan taraflar\u0131n kimliklerinin do\u011frulanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanabilir.<\/li><li>Dok\u00fcman ar\u015fivlerinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na destek olur.<\/li><li>G\u00fcvenli ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. G\u00fcvenlik, mesaj kontrol\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini de i\u00e7erir.<\/li><li>Veriyi g\u00f6nderen ve alan sunucunun do\u011fru adreste oldu\u011funu da teyit eder.<\/li><li>Tarih ve zaman\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funun da garantisi sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ssl-sertifikas-nas-l-al-r\"><span id=\"ssl-sertifikasi-nasil-calisir\">SSL Sertifikas\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SSL\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bir kodlama mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. SSL kodlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in iki adet anahtara ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu anahtarlar\u0131n dijital ortama uygun \u015fekilde kodlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bir anahtar taraf\u0131ndan kilitlenen veri ancak di\u011fer anahtar\u0131n a\u00e7mas\u0131 ile kullan\u0131l\u0131r hale getirilir. Anahtarlar\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra SSL kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in ekstra bir i\u015flem yapmaya gerek yoktur. Anahtarlardan biri sunucuda kal\u0131r, di\u011feri ise ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulan adrese g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan sizinle ileti\u015fim kurmak isteyen ki\u015fi, anahtar\u0131 kullanarak sizinle g\u00fcvenli \u015fekilde irtibata ge\u00e7er. Veri size g\u00f6nderilirken veriye ula\u015f\u0131lsa bile anahtar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. K\u0131sacas\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen veri, ele ge\u00e7irenin i\u015fine yaramaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ssl-t-rleri-nelerdir\"><span id=\"ssl-turleri-nelerdir\">SSL T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nternet d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmelere paralel olarak SSL t\u00fcrlerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da olduk\u00e7a fazla oldu\u011fu bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir. Yayg\u0131n olarak tercih edilen SSL t\u00fcrlerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ev-ssl\"><span id=\"ev-ssl\">EV SSL<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ye\u015fil \u00e7ubuk olarak da bilinen geni\u015fletilmi\u015f do\u011frulama sistemi \u201cEV\u201d olarak ifade edilir. SSL sertifikalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok g\u00fcvenilen t\u00fcr, EV sertifikas\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan i\u015fin OV do\u011frulama i\u015flemine nazaran \u00e7ok daha g\u00fcvenli \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 EV ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. EV\u2019nin aktif oldu\u011fu, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n web sitesinde bulunan ye\u015fil \u00e7ubu\u011fun aktif hale gelmesi ile anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ov-ssl\"><span id=\"ov-ssl\">OV SSL<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan sertifika protokol\u00fc OV olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu sertifikay\u0131 kullanmak i\u00e7in kurulu\u015f sertifika yetkilisi taraf\u0131ndan bilgilerin do\u011frulanmas\u0131 istenir. Do\u011frulama i\u015flemi i\u00e7in kurulu\u015fun ad\u0131, adresi ve ileti\u015fim bilgilerine ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Verilerin do\u011frulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in WHOIS bilgi sisteminin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf web sitesi ve kamu h\u00fck\u00fcmeti bilgi sistemi ile e\u015fle\u015fmesi gerekir. OV sertifikalar\u0131 kurumlara ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerle i\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olma hissi verir. Bu da do\u011fal olarak yap\u0131lan i\u015fin g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011funun g\u00f6stergesidir. <strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dv-ssl\"><span id=\"dv-ssl\">DV SSL<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DV, alan ad\u0131 do\u011frulama sertifikas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir terimdir. S\u00f6z konusu sertifikay\u0131 kullanmak i\u00e7in alan ad\u0131n\u0131n size ait oldu\u011funu do\u011frulaman\u0131z gerekir. Bu do\u011frulama i\u015flemi i\u00e7in WHOIS bilgilerinin ya da e-mail do\u011frulama y\u00f6ntemlerinin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130nternet ortam\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lan sertifika t\u00fcr\u00fc DV\u2019dir.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-wildcard-ssl\"><span id=\"wildcard-ssl\">Wildcard SSL<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wildcard SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131 alarak s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z say\u0131da alan ad\u0131 ve URL\u2019nin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flayabilirsiniz. Ayn\u0131 etki alan\u0131nda birden fazla web sitesine sahip olanlar i\u00e7in bu sertifika protokol\u00fc \u00e7ok idealdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin <a href=\"http:\/\/www.deneme.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.deneme.com<\/a> internet sitesi i\u00e7in kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z wildcard SSL sertifikas\u0131 ile blog.deneme.com ve shor.deneme.com alan adlar\u0131na g\u00fcvenli ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da sa\u011flayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ucc-ssl\"><span id=\"ucc-ssl\">UCC SSL<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>UCC, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 birle\u015fik ileti\u015fim sertifikas\u0131 olan bir protokold\u00fcr. Birden fazla ana makinenin tek bir sertifika ile g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 bu sertifika ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu sertifikalar ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ok alanl\u0131 sertifika olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-seo-ve-ssl-in-i-li-kisi-nedir-s-ralamaya-etki-eder-mi\"><span id=\"seo-ve-sslin-iliskisi-nedir-siralamaya-etki-eder-mi\">SEO ve SSL\u2019in \u0130li\u015fkisi Nedir? S\u0131ralamaya Etki Eder mi?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nternetin, hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131nda yer i\u015fgal etmesi ve bu denli yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ile birlikte g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7ok fazla \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hem ki\u015finin hem de web sitesinin g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in SSL sertifikas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. S\u00f6z konusu sertifika Google taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen SEO kriterlerinden biridir. S\u00f6z konusu sertifikan\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ile sitenin SEO ad\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biri de sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Do\u011fal olarak web sitenizin arama motoru s\u0131ralamalar\u0131nda \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer almas\u0131 kolayla\u015facakt\u0131r. Tabii tek ba\u015f\u0131na SSL kullan\u0131m\u0131 web sitesinin \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer almas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli olmaz. S\u00f6z konusu sertifika, SEO i\u00e7in gerekli kriterlerden sadece birisidir. Di\u011fer kriterleri sa\u011flayarak arama motoru s\u0131ralamalar\u0131nda daha da \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer alabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-web-sitenizin-ssl-sertifikas-olup-olmad-n-nas-l-anlars-n-z\"><span id=\"web-sitenizin-ssl-sertifikasi-olup-olmadigini-nasil-anlarsiniz\">Web Sitenizin SSL Sertifikas\u0131 Olup Olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Nas\u0131l Anlars\u0131n\u0131z?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir web sitesinde SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak \u00e7ok kolayd\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n adres sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n sol taraf\u0131ndan kilit resmi vard\u0131r. Bu kilit ye\u015fil renkli ise web sitesinin SSL sertifikas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda http:\/\/ \u015feklinde ba\u015flayan internet sitelerinde SSL varsa, bu ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n https:\/\/ \u015feklinde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ssl-sertifikas-nas-l-al-n-r\"><span id=\"ssl-sertifikasi-nasil-alinir\">SSL Sertifikas\u0131 Nas\u0131l Al\u0131n\u0131r?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSSL sertifikas\u0131 nedir?\u201d sorusu, web d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile ilgilenenlerin ilgi oda\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Sitenin g\u00fcvenli \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in SSL sertifikas\u0131 gereklidir. \u0130nternet d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmelere paralel olarak piyasada \u00e7ok say\u0131da hosting firmas\u0131 vard\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu hosting firmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funun SSL sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na da yetkili oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu firmalarla ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7erek SSL sertifikas\u0131 al\u0131nabilir. Sat\u0131n alabilece\u011finiz bir\u00e7ok SSL sertifika t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. Web siteniz i\u00e7in hangi sertifikan\u0131n uygun oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z b\u00fct\u00e7eyi de hesaba katarak SSL sertifikas\u0131na sahip olabilirsiniz.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130nternet ortam\u0131nda en s\u0131k duyulan terimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda SSL gelir. S\u00f6z konusu k\u0131saltman\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u201cSecure Socket Layer\u201ddir. Terimin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":31348,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[652],"tags":[1338,58],"class_list":{"0":"post-31347","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-nedir","8":"tag-ssl-nedir","9":"tag-ssl-sertifikasi"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31347","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31347"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31347\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31347"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31347"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.natro.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31347"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}